Tawrat
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Tawrat (Tawrah or Taurat) is the Arabic translation of the Hebrew word Torah, which means 'Law' and is used to denote the original revelation given to Musa (Moses), also known as the "Five Books of Moses" or the "Old Testament". Muslims regard the Tawrat as one of the four holy books of Islam and believe it was divinely revealed to Moses just as the Zabur was to David, the Injil to Jesus, and the Qur'an to Muhammad. Some theorize that the Tawrat may refer to the entire Tanach or Old Testament. The standard Islamic belief is that the present day Torah is a corrupted version of the original revelation given to Moses.
Because he believed the Qur'an replaced it, Muhammad did not teach from the Torah. He did say that Musa (prophet) (Moses) was one of the few prophets to receive a revelation directly from God, that is, without an intervening angel. On one occasion, some Jews wanted Muhammad to decide how to deal with their brethren who had committed adultery. Abu-Dawud records in Book 38 Number 4434:
They placed a cushion for the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) who sat on it and said: Bring the Torah. It was then brought. He then withdrew the cushion from beneath him and placed the Torah on it saying: I believed in thee and in Him Who revealed thee. He then said: Bring me one who is learned among you. Then a young man was brought. The transmitter then mentioned the rest of the tradition of stoning similar to the one transmitted by Malik from Nafi'(No. 4431).
The Qur'an says that the Tawrat contains mention of Muhammad, perhaps as a prophecy:
Those who follow the Messenger-Prophet, the Ummi, whom they find written down with them in the Taurat and the Injil . . . (Surah 7.157)
The Tawrat was know by Jesus as God taught him:
I taught you the Book and the wisdom and the Taurat and the Injil . . .(Surah 5.110)
