Survivor (TV series)

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Survivor
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Survivor is a popular reality television program produced in many countries throughout the world. In the show, contestants are isolated in a remote location and compete for a cash prize. "Survivor" is based on the successful Swedish show Expedition Robinson. Survivor is considered to be the father of reality TV, since its success led to an entire genre of similar shows.

Spoiler warning: Plot and/or ending details follow.

Contents

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Premise

This text refers to the American version of the show. Small differences may exist between it and other versions. Also, rule changes instituted for one season are discussed below.

Tribes and Immunity

Sixteen to twenty players are stranded in a remote location. The players are divided into two equally sized tribes in the first episode. The tribes compete against each other in reward challenges and immunity challenges. Both types of challenges consist of competitions of endurance, problem solving, teamwork, dexterity, and/or will power. After each episode's immunity challenge competition, the losing tribe must vote to remove one of their own members from the game at the Tribal Council ceremony at the end of the day; the player who had won the immunity challenge is exempt from being voted off. Most episodes also have a reward challenge where the winning tribe receives a luxury for winning, such as blankets, spices, or flint.

Image:Amazonswitch.jpgThere have been exceptions to these rules in the most recent seasons. In Survivor: All-Stars, there were 18 players in three tribes at the start of the game. In Immunity Challenges the top two tribes received immunity; only last place went to Tribal Council. In Survivor: Vanuatu, again 18 players began the game, but in two tribes of nine players each. In Survivor: Palau, 20 players began the game, and were divided into two tribes of nine in a 'schoolyard pick': the teams picking players alternately from the remaining pool. The last two players who were not picked were eliminated from the game.

Later seasons offered twists on pre-merge immunity rules. In the opening moments of Palau, host Jeff Probst tells the 20 contestants (who were preparing to row ashore) that there were two immunity necklaces on shore; one for the first man and one for the first woman to claim them. That safety lasted until day three, when they each picked the first member of their new tribe (Jolanda Jones, the female immunity winner, was voted out on day 3!). On day 7 of Vanuatu, both tribes were told they had to vote out a member. They were then ordered to compete in a reward challenge. The Lopevi tribe won, and as part of their reward, they competed in an individual competition for immunity -- John Kenney won and was kept safe for that particular vote; he was also sent to the Yasur tribe for the remainder of the day to watch their activities and award immunity to one player (he chose Ami Cusack). In Palau, on day 12, the Koror and Ulong tribes were forced to vote out one member apiece. Powerhouse Koror won the reward challenge, and the prize was eating a meal in front of Ulong while watching their Tribal Council. A surprise twist revealed only at TC was the opportunity to give one member of Ulong immunity for that particular vote. Votes were split but a majority went to the Ulong tribe's intended target, Ibrehem Rahman, forcing Ulong to vote out another member. Another variation of this occured in Guatemala - both tribes had to vote a member out, but the Nakum tribe won a challenge for a barbecue and a chance to compete for individual immunity. The victor, Rafe Judkins, attended Yaxha's TC and learned at the last moment that he could give immunity to one Yaxha member. He chose Gary Hogeboom.

When there are nine or ten players left in the game the remaining players from the two tribes "merge" into a single tribe (except in Palau, where the victorious Koror tribe merely absorbed the only remaining Ulong member, Stephenie LaGrossa). From this point, challenges are won on an individual basis. Rewards are given to only one player (although there are times when reward challenges have multiple, ramdonly assigned teams competing against each other). Individual reward challenge winners are often given the option to choose one or more players to share the reward with. Still, only one player can win immunity, with the exception of the first post-merge immunity challenge in All-Stars. A water challenge was divided between genders and the top man (Rob Mariano) and woman (Kathy Vavrick-O'Brien) won immunity. This immune player cannot be voted off on that episode, although he or she still has the right to vote against other players. In the Marquesas, Amazon, Pearl Islands, All-Stars, Vanuatu, Palau and Guatemala seasons, the player who won immunity had the right to pass it to a fellow tribemate. Several players attempted to barter for this prize, but only one true transfer has ever occurred. Amazon winner Jenna Morasca gave her immunity to friend Heidi Strobel on day 33. In episode eight of Pearl Islands, Burton Roberts won the immunity challenge and then gave immunity to Rupert Boneham. However, Burton was still safe because he and Lillian Morris had been given immunity for that Tribal Council as a reward for having been voted back into the game.

In episode eight of Guatemala, "The Hidden Immunity Idol," the newly formed Xhakum tribe was notified that there was an individual immunity idol hidden in the jungle. Anyone who found it could use it at any tribal council until the game was down to four castaways. Whoever found it could keep it a secret, but it had to be presented at tribal council immediately prior to voting. A reward challenge after this also included a clue as to the idol's location. Gary Hogeboom found the hidden immunity idol in episode nine, and used it at tribal council that night.

Tribal Council

Tribal Council is held at the end of each episode. Here the tribemates vote one person out of their tribe. Jeff Probst, the show's host, questions the players, often provoking revealing details from them of events and interactions since the tribe's previous tribal council. The players then vote in secret, and the player who receives the most votes must leave the game. That player takes his or her torch to Probst, who extinguishes it, and declares "The tribe has spoken". The player then exits the Tribal Council area and delivers some final words that air at the end of the episode.

In the event of a tie, the following tiebreakers have been used:

  • In Seasons one, two, and three, all players not in the tie voted again. In the first season, if the tie remained, a challenge was used to determine the outcome. In seasons two and three, whoever had received the most votes in prior Tribal Councils was eliminated. If this did not break the tie, a sudden death trivia challenge was used. Whomever answered incorrectly first was eliminated.
  • In Survivor: Marquesas, a tie in the Final Four was broken by the three players who had no immunity picking rocks out of a bag. Two of these rocks were white and one was purple. Paschal English, who had received no previous votes, drew the purple rock and was eliminated.
  • Later seasons have featured players discussing the possibility of a "purple rock", but at Tribal Council they have usually avoided tie votes. A tie did not occur again after Marquesas until Palau. There were three tie votes in Palau. The first two ties were settled in a re-vote. The third tie was at the final four. However, unlike Marquesas, the tie was settled with an impromptu challenge, thereby dispelling any speculation of another purple rock tie breaker.

All eliminated players, except the final nine, leave the game altogether. Those who finish in ninth through third place remain to form the "jury". In the first season the pre-jury players were allowed to return to the United States, but some of the early exits were sighted during filming, thus spoiling the outcome of the first few episodes. A new policy was instituted forcing pre-jury players to stay fairly close to the filming area where they would be sequestered from the outside world. There have been two exceptions to this rule. First was Tanya Vance, who was voted out on day 6 of Thailand and allowed to return home several weeks later upon learning her father had been killed. Second was Jenna Morasca, whose mother was severely ill at the time. The jury members do not directly participate in the game until the final vote, but they are allowed to observe everything that transpires at tribal council. In the final episode of each season the final four (3 in Survivor: The Australian Outback) players typically go through a number of activities during their final days. In the first 4 seasons they competed in an immunity challenge, which was generally called "Fallen Comrades," where players competed in front of the jury in a quiz competition about the jury members. Later seasons have featured other physical or mental tasks in place of "Fallen Comrades". Immediately following this challenge another person is voted out. The players return to camp and go through a "memorial" for the players previously eliminated from the game on the way to their final, endurance challenge. Whoever wins this challenge has the sole vote to determine third place. The final two return to camp and on the last day go through a symbolic destruction of camp (this is not official; it is a tradition begun in Survivor:Borneo (aka Pulau Tiga) when Richard Hatch and Kelly Wiglesworth burned everything but their personal gear on Day 39 to symbolize leaving the game behind). Then they go to their final Tribal Council, where the seven members of the jury are given the right to ask them questions. At the very end of the show, each of the seven jurors votes for the winner. Probst takes the container with the votes, and it is secured until the live finale of the show, when the votes are revealed and the million-dollar winner announced (with the exception Season 1 where the votes were revealed soon after they were cast). Season 2 had a twist where the tribal council set was recreated for the live finale and it was made to appear to the viewer that the result was being revealed after the voting, when it was actually being shown live. The contestants were wearing the same clothes as at the final tribal council, but there were clues from other aspects of their appearance. It was a disorienting and neat trick when the audience erupted in applause at the announcement of the winner, revealing that the event was being shown live on the reunion show.

Prizes

Not only the winner receives a prize in Survivor. Here are the approximate monetary prizes for all placings in a normal 16-player game (on the All-Star series, all prizes except the million dollar top prize were doubled):

Image:Survivortribalcouncil.jpg

PlacingPrize (in US$)
Sixteenth$2,500
Fifteenth$3,500
Fourteenth$4,500
Thirteenth$5,500
Twelfth$7,500
Eleventh$10,000
Tenth$15,000
Ninth$20,000
Eighth$27,500
Seventh$35,000
Sixth$45,000
Fifth$55,000
Fourth$70,000
Third$85,000
Runner-up$100,000
Winner$1,000,000


The million-dollar winner also wins an automobile, as does the winner of a reward challenge. All players also receive an additional $10,000 for their appearance on the reunion show[1].

While the show is based on the theme of wilderness survival, the real basis of the show is interpersonal relationships. The survival aspects are difficult enough to discomfort the players, but contestants are rarely truly in danger (only one has ever had to leave mid-series due to injuries). The real survival skills required are the ability to make deals and form alliances with other players to keep from being voted off. Because of the steadily diminishing number of players and the fact that the players being voted off will in turn choose the ultimate winner, considerable political skills are required.

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Game rules

(rules may vary in foreign versions of the series)

  • Conspiring to split winnings will result in immediate expulsion from the game.
  • Except for the occasional challenges which involve wrestling or limited combat, any physical violence between players will result in immediate expulsion from the game.
  • At Tribal Council, players are not permitted to vote for themselves, nor can they spoil their ballots or decline to cast a vote. Players must also show who they voted for to the camera inside the voting booth.
  • Contestants may not skip any tribal councils, nor can they refuse to participate in an immunity or reward challenge except in the case of sitting out to even the numbers as described below.
  • When one tribe has more players than the other tribe, it must designate players to sit out of tribal challenges so that equal numbers compete. This rule was relaxed only in the Survivor: The Australian Outback season because Jeff Probst felt neither team would be helped or hindered by the numeric disparity. Beginning with Survivor: Africa, the rules specifically stated that any player who sits out a reward challenge cannot sit out the following immunity challenge. In Survivor: Palau episodes 7-8 the Koror tribe had 8 players while Ulong only had 3 (and then 2), which forced the show to allow various Koror players to sit out back-to-back challenges. The only qualification then was that the same 2-3 players could not participate in each concurrent challenge. Katie Gallagher and Janu Tornell, both of the Palau season, tie for the most sit-outs of any players (they each sat out 7 challenges over 8 episodes).
  • Tribe members may not raid or visit the campsite of another tribe unless they are doing so as part of an immunity challenge, reward challenge or tribal merger activity with the other tribe. They also cannot visit the TV crew compound. During one episode in Guatemala, members of the Yaxha tribe visited the Nakum tribe and invited them back to their camp for a birthday party. There is no indication as to whether the rule has changed or if this was a one-time event.
  • Depending on which country the show takes place in, contestants may be barred from killing certain forms of wildlife and plantlife.
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Concept history

The creation of the Survivor concept, although credited to Charlie Parsons, was actually conceived by Bob Geldof's Planet 24 television company. It initially failed to attract the attention of any of the major broadcasters in Britain or the United States and was eventually sold to the Swedish television company Strix Television as Expedition Robinson (alluding to Robinson Crusoe). The show was a major hit in Sweden.

The initial series was a huge ratings success in the US in 2000 and, along with ABC's prime-time game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, sparked a reality-television revolution. Suddenly networks pushed sitcoms and conventional drama series to the back burner and rushed their own reality shows into development. Even the Fox Network, which had vowed never to air a reality show again just months earlier following media outrage surrounding its "Who Wants to Marry a Multi-Millionaire?" program, broke its promise and launched several competitors of its own. Survivor's second season, in the winter/spring of 2001, drew even larger audiences. Subsequent US versions have attracted smaller but still substantial audiences. There have also been British and Australian versions of the show in 2002. Both were ratings flops, indeed in Britain, its failure was a national joke (though ratings for the UK series were considerably lower than ITV had hoped for, it still regularly attracted six to eight million viewers, a decent rather than huge audience, but enough for ITV to commission a second series which appeared a year later). A Japanese version was also produced for four installments which achieved some success [2]. Broadcast rights for the American version have been sold to various broadcasters and is viewed in many countries around the world.

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US Survivor seasons

The United States version is produced by Mark Burnett and hosted by Jeff Probst. It airs Thursdays on CBS.

  1. Survivor: Borneo (also called Survivor: Pulau Tiga, Survivor 1, or simply Survivor) was set on a remote island (Pulau Tiga) in the South China Sea. Corporate trainer Richard Hatch was its winner in a 4-3 vote over river raft guide Kelly Wiglesworth. Map
  2. Survivor: The Australian Outback was set in the Australian Outback (though the location was by Australian standards not particularly remote, nor was it arid). Tina Wesson won 4-3 over Colby Donaldson. During this series, Michael Skupin suffered burns and became the first and only contestant evacuated due to injuries. Map
  3. Survivor: Africa was set in a Kenyan desert. Former professional soccer player Ethan Zohn won, defeating retired teacher Kim Johnson by a vote of 5-2. Map
  4. Survivor: Marquesas was set on the island of Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas. For the first time the final two were both women. Vecepia Towery won by a vote of 4-3 over Neleh Dennis. Map
  5. Survivor: Thailand was set on the island of Koh Tarutao off the coast of Thailand. For the first time the final two were both men. Used car salesman Brian Heidik beat restaurant owner Clay Jordan by a vote of 4-3. Map
  6. Survivor: The Amazon was set in the jungles of the Amazon River region of Brazil. Student and model Jenna Morasca won by a vote of 6-1 over Matthew Von Ertfelda. Map
  7. Survivor: Pearl Islands was set in the Pearl Islands off the coast of Panama. Sandra Diaz-Twine defeated Lillian Morris by a vote of 6-1. Map
  8. Survivor: All-Stars was also set in the Pearl Islands. The game featured eighteen past Survivor contestants divided into three tribes. Amber Brkich won by a vote of 4-3 over Rob Mariano. Just before the live vote was revealed, Rob and Amber became engaged. Survivor: America's Tribal Council was held four days later, and a second million-dollar prize was awarded to Rupert Boneham for being voted by the viewers as their favorite contestant.Map
  9. Survivor: Vanuatu - Islands of Fire was set on islands in the archipelago nation of Vanuatu, located in the South Pacific Ocean. Chris Daugherty defeated Twila Tanner by a vote of 5-2. Map
  10. Survivor: Palau was set in the island nation of Palau, located in the Philippine Sea. The season started with 20 contestants, but on Day 3, the number was reduced to 18 in a tribal selection process. The season concluded with firefighter Tom Westman prevailing over Katie Gallagher by a vote of 6-1. Map
  11. Survivor: Guatemala - The Maya Empire is set inside of the ruins of the Maya civilization in the Yaxha National Park. 18 Survivors (16 new people and Stephenie LaGrossa and Bobby Jon Drinkard from Survivor: Palau) were stranded within the ruins of the Maya civilization. The series concluded with Danni Boatwright defeating Stephenie LaGrossa by a 6-1 vote.Map
  12. Survivor: Panama - Exile Island is scheduled to air in February 2006. Filming started on 31 October, 2005 in the Pearl Islands of Panama, marking the third time this location has been used for Survivor.

CBS has signed on for at least two more seasons of Survivor, carrying into 2007. Jeff Probst is currently contracted to host until at least the sixteenth edition.

Survivor: Marquesas was not shown in Australia as the network was showing a series of Australian Survivor instead. The latter was not a ratings success, and since then the American edition of Survivor resumed airing. In 2005, the US cable network OLN (formerly known as Outdoor Life Network) began showing reruns of the first ten series.

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Region 1 DVD releases

Image:Survivor2dvd.jpg Best of Releases

DVD Name Release Date
Season One: The Greatest and Most Outrageous Moments 1 January 2001
Season Two: The Greatest and Most Outrageous Moments 25 September 2001

Season Releases

DVD Name Release Date
The Complete First Season 11 May 2004
The Complete Second Season 26 April 2005
The Complete Seventh Season 7 February 2006
The Complete Eighth Season 14 September 2004
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Controversies & legal action

Turmoil between players is commonplace for any reality series, but Survivor has had a few instances which went beyond mere intertribal squabbles:

  • In February 2001, Borneo player Stacey Stillman filed a lawsuit claiming producers interfered in the process of the game by persuading two members of her team (Sean Kenniff and Dirk Been) to vote her off instead of Rudy Boesch. Been supported her allegations. Mark Burnett countersued Stillman for $5 million dollars. The case was eventually settled out of court.
  • At the trivia immunity challenge for Africa's final four players, host Jeff Probst asked which female player in their season had no piercings. Kim Johnson answered Kelly Goldsmith, got the point, and went on to win the challenge, which pushed her to third and ultimately (after another immunity win) second place. Tom Buchanan was eliminated. Months later, the cast and producers (who were preparing for the live finale and reunion) watched the episode backstage. During the rebroadcast of the challenge, Lindsey Richter shouted to the TV that she had no piercings. Lex van den Berghe's answer had been Lindsey, yet the show had not awarded him a point, thus drastically changing the outcome of the game (van den Berghe was eliminated in third place). CBS later paid van den Berghe and Buchanan a settlement [3].
  • In the fifth episode of the All-Star season, a naked Richard Hatch may or may not have come into contact with Sue Hawk after she blocked his path during an immunity challenge. Hatch was voted out that day for other reasons; Hawk quit the game a few days later (episode six). Hawk considered filing a lawsuit against the parties involved, but appeared with Hatch on The Early Show the morning after the sixth episode aired, stating she opted out of legal action because CBS had helped her "deal with the situation".
  • In order to be sure to win the Reward Challenge in which the castaways competed to win a visit from their friends/loved ones, Pearl Islands Survivor Johnny Fairplay Dalton conspired beforehand with friend Dan Fields in what has gone down as the biggest lie on Survivor to date. Fields told Dalton that his grandmother, Jean Cooke, had died, in order to win sympathy from his tribemates and subsequently the reward. In reality, Cooke had not died, a fact that only emerged to his tribemates once the episode had aired. When the show staff heard about Cooke's "death," they called Dalton's family to offer condolences, only to have Cooke herself answer the phone. Dalton admitted in confessional after the challenge that his grandmother was alive and probably watching Jerry Springer.
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Trivia & interesting facts

A full list can be found at Survivor Trivia and Interesting Facts.

  • In all, there have been 166 different American Survivor players over the 11 seasons, 20 of whom got to play twice. (All Survivor: All-Stars players, Stephenie LaGrossa, and Bobby Jon Drinkard.)
  • Both winners in the British series won the grand prize by a 7-0 vote. No grand prize winner on any of the other series have won by a 7-0 vote.
  • Series host Jeff Probst declared that strategic mastermind Rob Cesternino from Survivor: The Amazon was the "best player to never win."
  • Tom Buchanan holds the record for most days on Survivor ever, with 73 (37 days on Survivor: Africa and 36 on Survivor: All-Stars). Amber Brkich comes in a close second, with 72 (33 on Survivor: The Australian Outback and 39 on All-Stars). Stephenie LaGrossa is third with 69 days (30 on Survivor: Palau and 39 on Survivor: Guatemala).
  • The first twist ever was a swapping of tribe members. This has happened six times in the first eleven seasons. (Survivor: Africa, Survivor: Marquesas, Survivor: The Amazon, Survivor: All-Stars, Survivor: Vanuatu, and Survivor: Guatemala). Guatemala did this the earliest, on day ten (according to the review-of-season montage in the finale).
  • In all eleven seasons of American Survivor, the winner of the car in the reward challenge (typically played when there are five contestants remaining) has never gone on to win the title of "Sole Survivor." (Of course, this does not apply to the first season, where there was no car awarded in any reward challenge) This became known as the "Curse of the Car." On Survivor: Guatemala the winner of a new car, Cindy Hall, was offered the option to avoid the curse by giving up the car she had won in exchange for giving the other four tribe members that exact same car. Cindy chose to keep her reward and forgo giving 2006 Pontiac Torrents to each of her tribemates. Cindy was voted off at the next tribal council with emphasis given to her choice to keep the car.
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UK Survivor

Survivor (UK) premiered in the United Kingdom in 2001. The format was similar to the US version and was screened on ITV. Sixteen contestants were marooned on the island of Pulau Tiga and were split into two tribes. They completed in challenges and schemed against each other. Charlotte Hobrough won the first series. Despite the hype surrounding the show it did poorly in the ratings and was heavily criticised by the press.

Despite the disappointing performance of the first series, ITV commissioned a second series with some changes. Presenters Mark Austin and John Leslie were replaced by Channel 4 cricket presenter Mark Nicholas. There were twelve contestants instead of sixteen and the show was scheduled in a later time slot. The second series was set in Panama and Jonny Gibb won. The ratings were still low so ITV cancelled the show.

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Survivor: a chronology

DateEvent
1994-1995 Charlie Parsons created the idea for Survivor, but it was unpopular.
1995 Mark Burnett first told about the idea that would become Survivor.
1996 Sweden bought the rights to Survivor.
Summer 1997 Sweden's Expedition Robinson series 1 filmed by Strix.
Fall 1997 Sweden's Expedition Robinson series 1 aired. It is a huge hit.
Unknown Jon de Mol bought the rights to 'Survivor', but created Big Brother instead.
1998 Mark Burnett bought the United States rights to Survivor.
Summer 1999 Mark Burnett's Survivor was turned down by NBC, ABC, CBS, and UPN. He got another chance at CBS, and Leslie Moonves bought it.
June 1999 Mark Burnett scouted locations in Borneo for Survivor.
13 March - 20 April 2000 Survivor Borneo was filmed.
31 May - 23 August 2000 Survivor Borneo aired.
23 August 2000 The Survivor Borneo finale aired, but Mark Burnett was in Borneo preparing for Eco-Challenge.
23 October - November 2000 Survivor The Australian Outback was filmed in Australia.
28 January - 3 May 2001 Survivor The Australian Outback aired.
July - August 2001 US Survivor Africa was filmed.
August - September 2001 Mark Burnett began preparing in Jordan for Survivor Arabia.
11 September 2001 After 9/11, Mark Burnett decided not to hold Survivor 4 in Jordan.
September 2001 Leslie Moonves told Mark Burnett that the start date for Survivor 4 filming would stay the same, so Mark Burnett must find a new location quickly.
15 September 2001 Mark Burnett flew to Tahiti in French Polynesia to scout out a location for Survivor 4.
17 September 2001 Mark Burnett scouted the Marquesas Islands.
20 September 2001 Mark Burnett picked the Marquesas.
4 October 2001 - 17 January 2002 Survivor Africa aired.
12 November - December 2001 Survivor Marqueses was filmed in place of Survivor Arabia.
28 February - 13 May 2002 Survivor Marqueses aired.
13 May 2002 The Survivor Marquesas reunion aired outdoors in Trump Wollman Rink.
Summer 2002 Mark Burnett chose Thailand over Vietnam, Cambodia, and Indonesia for Survivor 5.
Summer 2002 Survivor Thailand was filmed.
19 September - 12 December 2002 Survivor Thailand aired.
Fall 2002 The Philippines was selected as the location for Survivor 6. Because of terror alerts and it was moved to The Amazon.
Fall 2002 Survivor Amazon was filmed.
2003 Survivor versus I'm A Celebrity... court case was decided in favor of Celebrity.
13 February - 11 May 2003 Survivor Amazon aired.
1 May 2003 Survivor Amazon reunion was to be at Trump Wollman Rink, but it was moved indoors to the Ed Sullivan Theater at the last minute due to weather.
Summer 2003 Survivor Pearl Islands was filmed.
18 September - 14 December 2003 Survivor Pearl Islands aired.
Fall 2003 Survivor All-Stars was filmed.
1 February - 9 May 2004 Survivor All-Stars aired.
13 May 2004 America's Tribal Council was held, and America voted to give Rupert Boneham a million dollars.
July - 11 August 2004 Survivor: Vanuatu - Islands of Fire was filmed.
16 September - 12 December 2004 US Survivor: Vanuatu aired.
Fall 2004 Survivor: Palau was filmed.
December 2004 Mark Burnett scouted Madagascar as a possible future Survivor location.
17 February - 12 May 2005 Survivor: Palau aired.
Summer 2005 Survivor: Guatemala - The Maya Empire was filmed.
15 September - 11 December 2005 Survivor: Guatemala - The Mayan Empire aired.
31 October - ? 2005 Survivor: Panama - Exile Island was filmed.
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References


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See also

Seasons of Survivor
Pulau Tiga | Australian Outback | Africa | Marquesas | Thailand | The Amazon | Pearl Islands | All-Stars | Vanuatu | Palau | Guatemala | Panama
Survivors who won $1,000,000
Richard Hatch | Tina Wesson | Ethan Zohn | Vecepia Towery | Brian Heidik | Jenna Morasca | Sandra Diaz-Twine | Amber Brkich | Rupert Boneham | Chris Daugherty | Tom Westman | Danni Boatwright


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External links

Survivor (USA)

Survivor International

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Further reading

United Kingdom Season #1 (2001)

  • Waddell, Dan. Survivor: Trust No One: The Official Inside Story of TV's Toughest Challenge. London: Carlton, [December,] 2001.

United Kingdom Season #2: Survivor: Panama (2002)

  • Waddell, Dan. Survivor: Panama. London: Carlton, [June,] 2002.

United States Season #1: Survivor: Pulau Tiga, Borneo (2000)

  • Boesch, Rudy, and Jeff Herman. The Book of Rudy: The Wit and Wisdom of Rudy Boesch. No location: no publisher, no date.
  • Burnett, Mark, with Martin Dugard. Survivor: The Ultimate Game: The Official Companion Book to the CBS Television Show. New York: TV Books, 2000.
  • Hatch, Richard. 101 Survival Secrets: How to Make $1,000,000, Lose 100 Pounds, and Just Plain Live Happily. New York: Lyons Press, 2000.
  • Lance, Peter. Stingray: Lethal Tactics of the Sole Survivor: The Inside Story of How the Castaways were Controlled on the Island and Beyond. Portland, Oregon: R.R. Donnelley, 2000.

United States Season #2: Survivor: The Australian Outback (2001)

  • Burnett, Mark. Dare to Succeed: How to Survive and Thrive in the Game of Life. No location: Hyperion, 2001.
  • Survivor II: The Field Guide: The Official Companion to the CBS Television Show. New York: TV Books, 2001.
  • ChillOne, The. The Spoiler: Revealing the Secrets of Survivor. Lincoln, Nebraska: iUniverse, 2003.

United States Season #9: Survivor: Vanuatu -Islands of Fire (2004)

  • Burnett, Mark. Jump In!: Even If You Don't Know How to Swim. New York: Ballantine Books, 2005.

Various Seasons, esp. United States 1-6 Survivor Lessons, edited by Matthew J. Smith and Andrew F. Wood. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2004.fr:Les Aventuriers de Koh-Lanta is:Survivor (sjónvarpsþáttur) he:הישרדות (סדרת טלוויזיה) ja:サバイバー (番組) pt:Survivor fi:Selviytyjät sv:Expedition Robinson th:เซอร์ไวเวอร์

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