Standard Cantonese Pinyin

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For Standard Mandarin
    EFEO
    Gwoyeu Romatzyh
    Hanyu Pinyin
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    Lessing-Othmer
    Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II
    Postal System Pinyin
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    Wade-Giles
    Yale

Cantonese

For Standard Cantonese
    Barnett-Chao
    Canton
    Hong Kong Government
    Jyutping
    Meyer-Wempe
    Sidney Lau
    Standard Cantonese Pinyin
    Yale

Min Nan

For Hainanese
    Hainanhua Pinyin Fang'an
For Taiwanese
    Pe̍h-oē-jī
For Teochew
    Peng'im

Hakka

For Moiyan dialect
    Kejiahua Pinyin Fang'an

Note: This page contains
IPA phonetic symbols
in Unicode.


Standard Cantonese Pinyin is a romanization system for Standard Cantonese developed by the Yu Bingzhao (ch. 余秉昭) in 1971, modified by Education Department (merged into the Education and Manpower Bureau now) and Zhan Bohiu (ch. 詹伯慧). Its formal name in chinese is 《常用字廣州話讀音表》拼音方案, and its short form is 「教院式」拼音方案. It was used by Tongyin zihui (ch. 《同音字彙》), Cantonese Pronunciation list of Chinese Characters in Common Use (ch. 《常用字廣州話讀音表》, Dictionary of Standard Cantonese Pronunciation (ch. 《廣州話正音字典》), List of Chinese Characters in Common Use for Primary education (ch. 《小學中文科常用字表》). It was the only romanization system that accepted by Education and Manpower Bureau of Hong Kong and Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority.

Its English name Standard Cantonese Pinyin is denominate from Dictionary of Standard Cantonese Pronunciation . But its Chinese name is denominate from Cantonese Pronunciation list of Chinese Characters in Common Use, and its short form in Chinese means "the pinyin style of Hong Kong Education and Manpower Bureau"

Contents

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Pinyin System

The Standard Cantonese Pinyin system is directly corresponding to the IPA system (free style) used by S. L. Wong (ch. 黃錫凌) in A Chinese syllabary pronounced according to the dialect of Canton (ch. 《粵音韻彙》). If the IPA symbol is contained in the 26 Latin alphabet, just use it directly. If the IPA symbol is not contained in the Latin alphabet, convert it into Latin letter : /a/→aa, /ɐ/→a, /ɛ/→e, /ɔ/→o, /œ/→oe, /ŋ/→ng. So it is easy to learn and type, at the same time it is academic. In the following table, the first row inside a square stands for the Standard Cantonese Pinyin, the second row stands for the IPA (exact style), the third row stands for IPA (free style).

[edit]

Initials

b
[p]
〔b〕 		p
[pʰ]
〔p〕 		m
[m]
〔m〕 		f
[f]
〔f〕
d
[t]
〔d〕 		t
[tʰ]
〔t〕 		n
[n]
〔n〕 		l
[l]
〔l〕
g
[k]
〔g〕 		k
[kʰ]
〔k〕 		ng
[ŋ]
〔ŋ〕 		h
[h]
〔h〕
dz
[ts]
〔dz〕 		ts
[tsʰ]
〔ts〕 		s
[s]
〔s〕 		 
gw
[kw]
〔gw〕 		kw
[kʰw]
〔kw〕 		j
[j]
〔j〕 		w
[w]
〔w〕
[edit]

Finals

aa
[ɑː]
〔a〕 		aai
[ɑːi]
〔ai〕 		aau
[ɑːu]
〔au〕 		  aam
[ɑːm]
〔am〕 		aan
[ɑːn]
〔an〕 		aang
[ɑːŋ]
〔ang〕 		aap
[ɑːp]
〔ap〕 		aat
[ɑːt]
〔at〕 		aak
[ɑːk]
〔ak〕
  ai
[ɐi]
〔ɐi〕 		au
[ɐu]
〔ɐu〕 		  am
[ɐm]
〔ɐm〕 		an
[ɐn]
〔ɐn〕 		ang
[ɐŋ]
〔ɐŋ〕 		ap
[ɐp]
〔ɐp〕 		at
[ɐt]
〔ɐt〕 		ak
[ɐk]
〔ɐk〕
e
[ɛː]
〔ɛ〕 		ei
[ei]
〔ei〕 		eu
[ɛːu]
〔ɛu〕 		  em
[ɛːm]
〔ɛm〕 		  eng
[ɛːŋ]
〔ɛŋ〕 		ep
[ɛːp]
〔ɛp〕 		  ek
[ɛːk]
〔ɛk〕
i
[iː]
〔i〕 		  iu
[iːu]
〔iu〕 		  im
[iːm]
〔im〕 		in
[iːn]
〔in〕 		ing
[ɪŋ]
〔iŋ〕 		ip
[iːp]
〔ip〕 		it
[iːt]
〔it〕 		ik
[ɪk]
〔ik〕
o
[ɔː]
〔ɔ〕 		oi
[ɔːi]
〔ɔi〕 		ou
[ou]
〔ou〕 		    on
[ɔːn]
〔ɔn〕 		ong
[ɔːŋ]
〔ɔŋ〕 		  ot
[ɔːt]
〔ɔt〕 		ok
[ɔːk]
〔ɔk〕
u
[uː]
〔u〕 		ui
[uːi]
〔ui〕 		      un
[uːn]
〔un〕 		ung
[ʊŋ]
〔ʊŋ〕 		  ut
[uːt]
〔ut〕 		uk
[ʊk]
〔ʊk〕
oe
[œː]
〔œ〕 		    oey
[ɵy]
〔œy〕 		oen
[ɵn]
〔œn〕 		  oeng
[œːŋ]
〔œŋ〕 		  eot
[ɵt]
〔œt〕 		oek
[œːk]
〔œk〕
y
[yː]
〔y〕 		        yn
[yːn]
〔yn〕 		    yt
[yːt]
〔yt〕 		 
        m
[m̩]
〔m̩〕 		  ng
[ŋ̩]
〔ŋ̩〕 		     
  • The finals m and ng can only be used as standalone nasal syllables.
[edit]

Tones

Standard Cantonese has nine tones in six distinct tone contours.

Tone name Yīn Píng
(陰平)		Yīn Shàng
(陰上)		Yīn Qù
(陰去) 		Yáng Píng
(陽平)		Yáng Shàng
(陽上)		Yáng Qù
(陽去) 		Yīn Rù
(陰入)		Zhōng Rù
(中入)		Yáng Rù
(陽入)
Tone name in English high level or high fallingmid risingmid level low fallinglow risinglow level entering high levelentering mid levelentering low level
Contour 55 / 533533 21 / 111322 532
Number 123 456 7 (1)8 (3)9 (6)
Character Example 分粉訓 焚奮份 忽發佛
Example fan1fan2fan3 fan4fan4fan6 fat7 (fat1)faat8 (faat3)fat9 (fat6)
[edit]

Compare with Yale Romanization

Standard Cantonese Pinyin and the Yale romanization system represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:

  • The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, w.
  • The vowel: aa (except when using alone), a, e, i, o, u.
  • The nasal consonant: m, ng.
  • The coda: i (except of being the coda [y] in Yale), u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.

But they have difference with the following exceptions:

  • The vowels oe represent [ɵ] and [œː] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while the eu represents both vowels in Yale.
  • The vowel y represent [y] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while both yu (use in nucleus) and i (use in coda) is used in Yale.
  • The initial j represents [j] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while y is used instead in Yale.
  • The initial dz represents [ts] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while j is used instead in Yale.
  • The initial ts represents [tsʰ] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while ch is used instead in Yale.
  • In Standard Cantonese Pinyin, if no consonant precedes the vowel y, then the initial j is appended before the vowel. In Yale, the corresponding initial yu is never appended before yu under any circumstances.
  • Some new finals can be written in Standard Cantonese Pinyin is not contained in Yale romanization schemes, such as: eu [ɛːu], em [ɛːm], and ep [ɛːp]. These three finals are used in colloquial Cantonese words, such as deu6 (掉), lem2 (舐), and gep9 (夾).
  • To represent tones, only tone numbers are used in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while Yale originally uses tone marks together with the letter h (though tone numbers can be used in Yale as well).
[edit]

Compare with Jyutping

Standard Cantonese Pinyin and Jyutping represent Cantonese pronunciations with the same letters in:

  • The initials: b, p, m, f, d, t, n, l, g, k, ng, h, s, gw, kw, j, w.
  • The vowel: aa, a, e, i, o, u.
  • The nasal consonant: m, ng.
  • The coda: i (except of being the coda [y] in Jyutping), u, m, n, ng, p, t, k.

But they have difference with the following exceptions:

  • The vowels oe represent [ɵ] and [œː] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while the eo and oe represent [ɵ] and [œː] respectively in Jyutping.
  • The vowel y represent [y] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while both yu (use in nucleus) and i (use in coda) is used in Jyutping.
  • The initial dz represents [ts] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while z is used instead in Jyutping.
  • The initial ts represents [tsʰ] in Standard Cantonese Pinyin while c is used instead in Jyutping.
  • To represent tones, number 1 to 9 are usually used in Standard Cantonese Pinyin, although use 1, 3, 6 to replace 7, 8, 9 is acceptable. However, only number 1 to 6 are used in Jyutping.
[edit]

Examples

Traditional Simplified Romanization
廣州話 广州话 gwong2 dzau1 waa2
粵語 粤语 jyut9 jyu5
你好 你好 nei5 hou2

Try to write an old Chinese poem:

春曉　　孟浩然Tsoen1 Hiu2　　Maang6 Hou6jin4
春眠不覺曉，Tsoen1 min4 bat7 gok8 hiu2,
處處聞啼鳥。Tsy3 tsy3 man4 tai4 niu5.
夜來風雨聲，Je6 loi4 fung1 jy5 sing1,
花落知多少？faa1 lok9 dzi1 do1 siu2?
[edit]

External links

zh:教院式拼音

Retrieved from "http://tvwiki.tv/wiki/Standard_Cantonese_Pinyin"
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