Spanish Morocco

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Spanish Morocco, was the area of Morocco ruled by Spain from 1912 up to 1956, when France and Spain recognised Moroccan independence. The capital of Spanish Morocco was called Tetuan (Tétouan). The territories of Spanish Morocco included Northern Morocco (the territory in between the cities of Ceuta and Melilla, Spanish since 15th century and 16th century respectively), the Tarfaya Strip, and Ifni. Ceuta and Melilla had been Spanish for centuries, however most of the other territories were only gained after the 1912 First Moroccan Crisis.

There was a Spanish presence in the area from the time of the 15th century explorations, with formal Spanish possession from the mid-19th century.

In 1956, when French Morocco became independent, Spain surrendered parts of its territories to the newly independent Morocco, but retained control of Ceuta, Melilla, Sidi Ifni and Tarfaya region. Morocco responded by supporting the Army of Liberation uprising in these areas, and also widening the conflict to Spanish Sahara (which was not part of Spanish Morocco, but claimed by the king as part of Greater Morocco). As part of a deal to call of the rebel forces, Spain in 1958 ceded Tarfaya to Morocco. This was later followed by Ifni in 1969. Spain still possesses Ceuta and Melilla, and Morocco still claims them as integral parts of the country.

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